Another look at the saddle-centre bifurcation: Vanishing Twist

Holger Dullin
Loughborough University

The most fundamental bifurcation is the creation of a pair of periodic orbits 'out of nothing'. In area preserving maps this is called the saddle-centre bifurcation, in which an elliptic and a hyperbolic orbit are born. The twist condition in KAM theory requires that the rotation number of neighboring invariant curves changes. I will first review the interesting dynamical consequences of vanishing twist, and then explain the main result: The twist vanishes before the creation of the pair of saddle-centre orbits. Thus, 'out of nothing' should be replaced by 'out of a twistless curve'. The area preserving Henon map will serve as an example of this general principle.